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What category of test strips are produced in the early stage through test strip production equipment? Test strips are very useful in medicine. Today, let's learn about one type of colloidal gold test strip. Let's take a look together.
Colloidal gold immunochromatography, as a diagnostic method developed in the 1960s, has undergone a long period of development and occupies a very important position in in vitro diagnostic methods. Similarly, why can colloidal gold immunochromatography be so fast? Now let's talk about the "past" and "present" of colloidal gold immunochromatography.
As one of the four modern labeling techniques, nanogold labeling technology is essentially a coating process in which proteins and other polymers are adsorbed onto the surface of gold nanoparticles. The adsorption mechanism may be due to electrostatic adsorption, where the negative charges on the surface of gold nanoparticles firmly bind to the positively charged groups of proteins. This adsorption will not cause denaturation of biomolecules. Due to the high electron density of gold particles, the gold binding protein region can be viewed as dark brown particles under a microscope. When these markers gather in large numbers on the corresponding ligands, red or pink spots can be seen with the naked eye. Therefore, it can be used for qualitative or semi quantitative rapid immunoassay methods.
In 1857, British scientist Faraday used gold chloride to reduce solutions containing nano gold while studying Dalton's theory. He found that after adding a small amount of electrolyte, the solution could change from ruby color to blue, and finally condense into colorless. This change can be prevented by adding macromolecular substances such as gelatin. Although the reason for this is not yet clear, his discovery laid a scientific foundation for the application of nanogold.
In 1971, Faulk and Taylor first used immunogold staining (IGS) to bind rabbit anti Salmonella serum with nano gold particles, and established nano gold immunolabeling technology by directly detecting Salmonella surface antigens through immunohistochemistry.
Test strip production equipment - Colloidal gold test strip has four components:
(1) Sample pad;
(2) Glass cellulose membrane (colloidal gold pad), on which dry gold labeled antibodies (flow band) are adsorbed;
(3) Nitrocellulose membrane (NC membrane), coated with antigen or antibody bands and quality control material bands (detection bands) that can directly react with markers;
(4) Water absorbing filter paper. The above components are interconnected at the beginning and end.
